The use-it-or-lose-it list

Figures below are the commonly applying ones for recent tax years — always confirm the current year's numbers on GOV.UK before acting, and note some allowances taper or vary with income.

AllowanceTypical amountRolls over?
ISA allowance£20,000 per adultNo — gone at midnight on 5 April
Lifetime ISA contribution (for the 25% bonus)£4,000 (inside the £20,000)No
Junior ISASeparate allowance per childNo
Pension annual allowanceUp to £60,000 (tapered for high earners; lower if you've flexibly accessed a pension)Partially — carry forward, three years
Capital gains tax annual exempt amountA few thousand pounds — has been cut repeatedly; check current figureNo
Dividend allowanceSmall and repeatedly cut; check current figureNo
IHT annual gift exemption£3,000One year only, then lost
Marriage allowanceTransfers ~10% of a personal allowance between spouses where one is a non-taxpayerClaims can be backdated up to 4 years — but each year still expires

The February-to-April sequence

  1. Top up the ISA — or just shelter cash. The money only needs to be inside the wrapper by 5 April, not invested. If you're undecided about investments, contributing cash and choosing later beats losing the allowance — and beats rushing a decision. (ISAs explained.)
  2. LISA holders: hit the £4,000 if you can. That's a £1,000 government bonus per year that doesn't return. (LISA vs pension.)
  3. Review pension contributions against the annual allowance — and after a high-income year, check carry forward from the previous three. Model what a top-up really costs after relief in the pension tax relief calculator.
  4. Check the cliff edges. Adjusted income just over £100,000 (personal allowance taper, childcare entitlements) or in the child benefit charge zone? A pension contribution or salary sacrifice before 5 April can legitimately pull you back under — maths individual enough to be a classic one-off advice question.
  5. Investors outside wrappers: use the CGT exemption deliberately. Realising gains up to the exempt amount, or moving assets into an ISA ("bed and ISA" — see the ISA guide), tidies taxable holdings. Mind the 30-day rule on rebuying the same asset.
  6. Couples: check allowances are in the right hands. Marriage allowance claims, and holding income-producing assets with the lower-rate taxpayer, are unglamorous but real.
  7. Make the £3,000 IHT gift if estate planning matters to you — plus last year's £3,000 if unused. (IHT basics.)
  8. Self-employed: size the year-end pension top-up once profits are visible — the whole playbook is in pensions for the self-employed.

The deadline is not a salesperson

"Use your allowance before it's gone" is also the finance industry's best marketing line, and every March it sells products people wouldn't otherwise buy. Losing one year's allowance is a small cost; buying an unsuitable product is a large one. If a decision needs more thought, shelter cash in the wrapper or let the deadline pass — both are respectable outcomes.

Common questions

Does unused ISA allowance roll over to next year?
No — the ISA allowance is strictly use-it-or-lose-it: whatever you haven't contributed by 23:59 on 5 April is gone. A new allowance starts on 6 April. Money doesn't have to be invested by the deadline, just inside the wrapper — many platforms let you hold cash in a Stocks & Shares ISA and invest later.
What is pension carry forward?
The one big exception to use-it-or-lose-it: unused pension annual allowance from the three previous tax years can be added to this year's, provided you were a member of a pension scheme in those years and (for personal contributions) have enough earnings this year. The current year's allowance is used first. It's the standard tool after a bumper income year — and the rules are fiddly enough that professional help often pays for itself.
Is doing something before 5 April always better?
No — the deadline is a reason to review, not a reason to buy. Rushing into an unsuitable investment to "use the allowance" costs more than the tax saved; if you're undecided, contributing cash into an ISA wrapper (invest later) or simply missing one year's allowance are both fine outcomes. Never let a tax deadline pick the product.

About this guide: general education only — not regulated advice, tax advice or a personal recommendation, and FinancialAdvisor.co.uk is not an FCA-authorised firm. Allowance figures change (several have been cut in recent years) and depend on circumstances — verify current numbers on GOV.UK. For planning tailored to you, consult an accountant or FCA-authorised adviser.